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Contested

Limerick Nuclear Uprate

Limerick Township, Montgomery County

Constellation plans to add about 348 megawatts at the Limerick Generating Station, sold to Google under a 20-year power purchase agreement announced October 6, 2026.

ContestedLargeNuclear PPABrownfieldSE
At a glance

The project by the numbers

StatusProposed
Capacity348 MW
Site600 acres
Capex$ 2.4 B
First announced2025-07-15
Target online2028

Constellation's Limerick uprate, now committed to Google

The number that mattersLimerick accounts for about 348 of the 890 megawatts in Constellation's uprate deal with Google, which covers 11 units at six sites in Illinois, Pennsylvania and New Jersey.
Developer
Constellation Energy
Tenant
Google, under a 20-year power purchase agreement announced October 6, 2026.
Current stage
Committed under the Google agreement but not yet licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, which licenses uprates in place of the township. The commission's pending-applications page, last updated September 15, 2026, says no uprate applications are under review. Its expected-applications page, last updated September 8, 2026, lists 12 Constellation uprate filings with plant names withheld, the first an extended power uprate planned for the fourth quarter of 2026. The program's first uprates are expected in 2028.
Decision body
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission; PJM Interconnection
Top issues
Electricity demand and grid capacity, with PJM short of new supply as data centers grow; who pays for the added output, since Constellation and Google say Google funds it and household customers won't carry the cost; NRC licensing and safety review of a higher power level; water use, since Limerick draws its cooling water from the Schuylkill River; and the plant's place next to the Project Laurel data center site, which lies between the Philadelphia Premium Outlets and the plant.
Key opponents
No organized opposition to the Limerick uprate has been reported.
Key supporters
Constellation and Google, which is paying for the added output under the 20-year agreement. Google's Amanda Peterson Corio said the deal will strengthen the PJM grid while protecting affordability and supporting union jobs. No other public supporters specific to the uprate are on record.

How we got here

Earlier uprates: the Nuclear Regulatory Commission approved 5 percent stretch uprates at Unit 2 in February 1995 and Unit 1 in January 1996, and 1.6 percent measurement uncertainty recapture uprates at both units in April 2011. July 15, 2025: at the Pennsylvania Energy and Innovation Summit, Constellation said it was working to secure customer commitments to add 340 megawatts at Limerick and planned to run the plant well into the 2040s. The project has been described as a $2.4 billion investment supporting about 3,000 jobs a year, contingent on customer commitments. January 6, 2026: the commission approved Limerick's $167 million digital modernization project, part of what Constellation calls a $5.1 billion Pennsylvania investment to preserve nearly 5,100 megawatts and add 1,200 more. October 6, 2026: Constellation and Google announced the 20-year agreement covering Limerick (about 348 megawatts) and Salem (about 97 megawatts) among 890 megawatts of uprates, plus a separate 15-year supply deal for 2,700 megawatts from the existing fleet. Adjacent to P019 'Project Laurel.'

What is at stake

Impacts raised and open questions

Jobs and tax claims

Medium

Across the six plants in the Google program, Constellation says the agreement sustains about 4,400 existing jobs and creates about 7,200 temporary construction jobs; it hasn't broken out Limerick's share. The plant already employs 742 people, according to Constellation's fact sheet.

Constellation Energy

Water

Medium

Limerick draws its cooling water from the Schuylkill River, according to Constellation. The uprate announcements we reviewed don't say whether more output would change river withdrawals or heat discharge.

Constellation Energy

Energy costs and the grid

Low

Constellation and Google say Google is paying for the 890-megawatt uprate program under a 20-year agreement, which they describe as a response to PJM's Bring Your Own Power proposal that avoids passing costs to residential customers. The added Limerick output goes onto the PJM grid, which serves 67 million people.

Constellation Energy

Public safety

Low

Running at a higher power level requires a license amendment and safety review by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. As of September 15, 2026 the commission listed no uprate applications under review anywhere in the country.

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Timeline

How it has unfolded

  • 1995-02-16The Nuclear Regulatory Commission approves a 5 percent stretch power uprate at Limerick Unit 2. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
  • 1996-01-24The Nuclear Regulatory Commission approves a 5 percent stretch power uprate at Limerick Unit 1. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
  • 2011-04-08The Nuclear Regulatory Commission approves 1.6 percent measurement uncertainty recapture uprates at both Limerick units. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
  • 2025-07-15At the Pennsylvania Energy and Innovation Summit, Constellation says it is working to secure customer commitments to add 340 megawatts at Limerick. Constellation Energy
  • 2026-01-06The Nuclear Regulatory Commission approves the license amendment for Limerick's $167 million digital modernization project. Constellation Energy
  • 2026-10-0620-year power purchase agreement covers 890 MW of uprates across six PJM sites, about 348 MW of it at Limerick Philadelphia Inquirer
News

Coverage of this project

Sources

Know your rights

In Pennsylvania, the local zoning ordinance sets the route. A conditional use is decided by the elected governing body (supervisors, commissioners or council). A special exception or variance, and an appeal of a zoning officer’s decision, go to the Zoning Hearing Board. Each is a public hearing on a record: affected neighbors can ask for party status, cross-examine witnesses, and appeal. Municipalities can also adopt data center ordinances with enforceable standards.

Know your rights →

Take action

Organized community opposition is the single most effective check on these projects in Pennsylvania. Show up to hearings, submit comment when it is taken, support legal and expert-witness costs, and press your municipality for a real ordinance. Pennsylvania municipalities cannot simply freeze applications, but a curative amendment under the Planning Code gives them a defined window to fix a defective ordinance.

How communities push back →